High-precision gears are critical components in modern power transmission systems, and their manufacturing quality directly influences transmission efficiency, load-carrying capacity, vibration, and noise performance. With the rapid growth of electric vehicles, high-speed machine tools, industrial robots, and precision gear reducers, the demand for high-accuracy, low-noise, and high-efficiency gears continues to increase. As a result, gear generating grinding technology has become one of the most important enabling technologies for advanced gear manufacturing.

This presentation introduces the development and key design concepts of a high-precision cylindrical gear generating grinding machine. The machine adopts a six-axis synchronized motion control architecture and utilizes the generating relationship between a threaded grinding wheel and the workpiece. Combined with Electronic Gearbox (EGB) synchronization technology, the system precisely coordinates grinding wheel rotation, workpiece rotation, axial and radial feed motions, and wheel dressing operations to achieve high-efficiency and high-accuracy gear grinding. To further enhance machining quality, the machine integrates multi-axis motion control, parametric gear geometry modeling, three-dimensional tooth surface generation theory, and closed-loop error compensation technologies, establishing a comprehensive digital manufacturing platform.

The presentation will discuss the kinematic model of gear generating grinding, EGB synchronization control architecture, threaded grinding wheel dressing technology, and tooth flank topological modification methods. Through accurate mathematical tooth profile descriptions and three-dimensional surface modeling, the tooth surface generation mechanism and error sources can be systematically analyzed. Advanced modifications, including profile crowning, lead modification, bias correction, and tooth flank twist control, can then be implemented to satisfy the stringent requirements for contact characteristics, load distribution, and transmission error control in high-performance gears.

In addition, the presentation will introduce intelligent manufacturing technologies that integrate gear metrology with closed-loop compensation. By feeding measured tooth surface deviations back into wheel dressing parameters, grinding paths, and EGB compensation curves, machining accuracy and production consistency can be significantly improved. These technologies have been widely applied in electric vehicle reducers, high-speed gearboxes, and various precision transmission systems, resulting in reduced vibration and noise, improved transmission efficiency, and enhanced product reliability.

Finally, the presentation will highlight recent trends in EV gear manufacturing, including ultra-low transmission error design, low-NVH (Noise, Vibration, and Harshness) gear technologies, mirror-finish grinding (Ra < 0.15 μm), digital twins, and smart manufacturing applications. Through the deep integration of generating grinding, precision metrology, and closed-loop compensation technologies, gear whine and vibration can be effectively reduced while improving transmission efficiency and power density, providing key manufacturing solutions for next-generation high-performance electric vehicle transmission systems.

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高精度齒輪是高性能傳動系統的核心元件，其加工品質直接影響傳動效率、承載能力以及振動與噪音表現。隨著電動車、高速工具機、工業機器人及精密減速機等產業快速發展，市場對高精度、低噪音及高效率齒輪的需求日益提升，使齒輪創成磨削技術（Gear Generating Grinding Technology）成為先進齒輪製造的重要發展方向。

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本演講將介紹高精度圓柱齒輪創成磨床之開發技術與關鍵設計理念。創成磨床採用六軸同步運動控制架構，利用螺紋砂輪與工件間的創成運動關係，配合電子齒輪箱（Electronic Gearbox, EGB）同步控制技術，精確協調砂輪旋轉、工件旋轉、軸向進給、徑向進給及修整運動，實現高效率與高精度之齒輪磨削加工。為進一步提升加工品質，磨床系統整合多軸運動控制、參數化齒輪幾何建模、三維齒面生成理論及閉迴路誤差補償技術，建構完整的數位化加工平台。

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演講內容將探討創成磨削運動學模型、電子齒輪箱同步控制架構、螺紋砂輪修整技術以及齒面拓樸修整方法。透過精確的數學齒形描述與三維曲面建模，可有效分析齒面生成機制與誤差來源，進而實現齒形修整、導程修整、偏壓修整及齒面扭轉控制等先進拓樸修形功能，以滿足高性能齒輪對接觸特性、載荷分佈及傳動誤差控制的嚴格要求。

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此外，本演講亦將介紹結合齒輪量測與閉迴路補償之智慧製造技術。透過將量測所得之齒面偏差回饋至砂輪修整參數、磨削路徑及電子齒輪箱補償曲線，可有效提升加工精度與量產穩定性。相關技術已廣泛應用於電動車減速機、高速齒輪箱及各類精密傳動系統，並能有效降低齒輪振動與噪音、提升傳動效率及產品可靠度。

最後，演講將分享電動車齒輪製造之最新發展趨勢，包括超低傳動誤差設計、超低 NVH（Noise, Vibration and Harshness）齒輪技術、鏡面磨削技術（Ra < 0.15 μm），以及數位雙生與智慧製造之應用。透過創成磨削技術、精密量測與閉迴路補償系統的深度整合，可有效降低齒輪嘯叫與振動、提升傳動效率及功率密度，為下一代高效能電動車傳動系統提供關鍵製造技術支撐。

The autonomy of robots leverages visual sensing. However most robots integrate existing cameras that were not designed for robotic purposes but to produce images looking good for humans, or video games. As a result, these cameras produce often too much data to process in real-time for achieving robotic tasks or even fail to provide useful images in situations of high dynamic range, heterogeneous densities of information or high speed. This presentation will provide an overview of novel camera design works in the hardware of their optical parts, involving multiple lenses and filters, original deformable mirrors toward their integration with novel modalities such as with event cameras, for robot perception-based control.